*(Population estimates take into account high mortality rates due to AIDS, which can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex.)

Urban Population: 40%
Age Structure:
 0-14 years: 43.6% (male 29,322,774; female 28,990,702)
 15-64 years: 53.6% (male 36,513,700; female 35,254,333)
. 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 1,890,043; female 1,910,151) (2003 est.)
Median Age: Total = 18 years
. Male: 18.1 years
. Female: 17.9 years (2002)
Population Growth Rate (Average Yearly): 2.8%
Birth Rate: 38.75-births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Death Rate: 13.76-deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Net Migration Rate: 0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sex Ratio:
. At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
. Under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
. 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
. 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female
. Total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Infant Mortality Rate: Total = 71.35 deaths/1,000 live births
. Female: 68.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
. Male: 74.44 deaths/1,000 live births
Average Life Expectancy at Birth: Total population = 51.5 years
. Male: 51 years (UN est.)
. Female: 52 years (UN est.)
Total Fertility Rate: 5.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS – Adult Prevalence Rate: 5.8% (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS – People Living With HIV/AIDS: 3.5 million (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS – Deaths: 170,000 (2001 est.)